The break-up of Yugoslavia in 1991 was marked by a rapid rise of nationalism in the context of an ongoing process of building a new national consciousness and identity. However, it is worth noting that the effort to build a Macedonian iden-tity had already begun at the beginning of the 20th century with the creator of Yugoslavia, Josip Broz Tito. The creation of Macedonian national consciousness is inspired by the following paradox: the state created the nation through the policies adopted by the political leadership. The main purpose of this indirect imposition was to serve Yugoslavia on a geostrategic level. Greece’s attitude to-ward the domestic and foreign policy pursued by its neighboring country was characterized by relative inertia, which directly contributed to the strengthen-ing of national feeling among the Slavic population of the region (Κουρβετάρης Γεώργιος, Ρουδομέδωφ Βίκτωρ-Κουτσουκης Κλεομένης, Κουρβερταρης Ανδρεας, Σιουσιουρας Πετρος (eds), 2009: 19-33).