Proceedings
Gaining Soft Power Through Hard Heritage: Turkey’s Restoration Projects in Serbia
Authors
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Miloš TodorovićDepartment of Political Studies, Singidunum University, Department of Art History, Center for Museum and Heritage Studies, University of Belgrade
Synopsis
Ever since Joseph Nye introduced the concept of “soft power”, countries around the world started paying a lot more attention to this way of thinking about power and, in recent years, many started to find innovative ways to cultivate their own soft power. One of them was through heritage diplomacy, that is, the use of heritage in foreign policy to accomplish a certain goal. And while several countries actively engage in this practice, the Republic of Turkey is one of the most active ones. Turkey started cultivating its soft power way back in the 90’s when, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it established the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency, or simply TİKA, in order to increase its influence on the Balkans, Caucasia and Central Asia, by providing aid to countries in these regions. Today TİKA has offices around the world and it organizes different kinds of projects, including heritage restoration projects, something it started doing back in 2008. Granted, the Agency predominantly funds the restoration of Ottoman monuments, which is why several authors point to this as proof that Turkey’s foreign policy is being led by the alleged imperial “neo-Ottoman” agenda, as opposed to “strategic depth”, as formulated by the former Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Ahmet Davutoğlu. However, regardless of the way you look at this practice, what is certain is that Turkey is defiantly one of the most important actors when it comes to heritage diplomacy since the country spends millions of dollars on restoration projects. In order to analyze why Turkey does this and speculate on the possible long-term effects of such endeavors, this paper looks the restoration projects that were carried out in Serbia over the years; six projects carried out between 2013 and 2019 that ended up costing more than 4 million US dollars.
Copyright
Copyright (c) 2025 Idefe Publications
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Publication Information
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Publication TypeChapter
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Volume
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Pages383-396
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PublishedJune 7, 2025
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Series
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Series PositionProceedings 02
Bela, B., Murtezani, S. ., & Abdula, S. (Eds.). (2025). Gaining Soft Power Through Hard Heritage: Turkey’s Restoration Projects in Serbia. In 1st International Balkan Studies Congress Proceedings: Vol. Proceedings 02 (pp. 383-396). Idefe Publications. https://doi.org/10.5331/